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Water management and planning in a small island archipelago: the Azores case study (Portugal) in the context of the Water Framework Directive

J. Virgílio Cruz, Carla Melo, Dina Medeiros, Sérgio Costa, Raquel Cymbron, Sara Rocha, Carlos Medeiros, Ana Valente, Sandra Mendes, Daniel Silva, Filipe Martins
Available Online 19 July 2017, wp2017187; DOI: 10.2166/wp.2017.187
J. Virgílio Cruz
Corresponding author. IVAR – Research Institute for Volcanology and Risk Assessment, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores, Apartado 1422, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal. E-mail: jose.vm.cruz@uac.pt
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Carla Melo
SIMBIENTE Açores, Environmental Engineering and Management Lda, Rua Azores Parque 102, Edifício 2.1 – Ninho de Empresas Azores Parque, 9500-794 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Dina Medeiros
Directorate-Regional for the Environment, Av. Antero de Quental, 9 C, 9500-160 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Sérgio Costa
SIMBIENTE Açores, Environmental Engineering and Management Lda, Rua Azores Parque 102, Edifício 2.1 – Ninho de Empresas Azores Parque, 9500-794 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Raquel Cymbron
Directorate-Regional for the Environment, Av. Antero de Quental, 9 C, 9500-160 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Sara Rocha
SIMBIENTE Açores, Environmental Engineering and Management Lda, Rua Azores Parque 102, Edifício 2.1 – Ninho de Empresas Azores Parque, 9500-794 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Carlos Medeiros
Directorate-Regional for the Environment, Av. Antero de Quental, 9 C, 9500-160 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Ana Valente
SIMBIENTE Açores, Environmental Engineering and Management Lda, Rua Azores Parque 102, Edifício 2.1 – Ninho de Empresas Azores Parque, 9500-794 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Sandra Mendes
Directorate-Regional for the Environment, Av. Antero de Quental, 9 C, 9500-160 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Daniel Silva
SIMBIENTE Açores, Environmental Engineering and Management Lda, Rua Azores Parque 102, Edifício 2.1 – Ninho de Empresas Azores Parque, 9500-794 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Filipe Martins
SIMBIENTE Açores, Environmental Engineering and Management Lda, Rua Azores Parque 102, Edifício 2.1 – Ninho de Empresas Azores Parque, 9500-794 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Abstract

Water management is critical in small islands such as the Azores (Portugal), and the present paper address changes that have occurred in the last decades through national constitutional arrangements and the adoption of the Water Framework Directive (WFD). The WFD provided an opportunity to implement integrated river basin planning, whose main results are also discussed, surpassing early approaches mainly focused on complying with European Union sanitation goals and eutrophication control. Therefore, new policies emerged, and take into account exemptions that all water bodies will comply with WFD environmental objectives by 2027 (83.7% in 2015). The main constraints are the result of (1) insufficient funding, (2) lack of empowerment by water authority, and (3) no consideration of the economic dimension.

  • Azores
  • Island hydrology
  • River basin
  • Water management
  • Water planning
  • Water resources
  • First received 23 December 2016.
  • Accepted in revised form 2 May 2017.
  • © IWA Publishing 2017

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Water Policy: 20 (2)
  Volume 20,issue 2

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Water management and planning in a small island archipelago: the Azores case study (Portugal) in the context of the Water Framework Directive
J. Virgílio Cruz, Carla Melo, Dina Medeiros, Sérgio Costa, Raquel Cymbron, Sara Rocha, Carlos Medeiros, Ana Valente, Sandra Mendes, Daniel Silva, Filipe Martins
Water Policy Jul 2017, wp2017187; DOI: 10.2166/wp.2017.187
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Water management and planning in a small island archipelago: the Azores case study (Portugal) in the context of the Water Framework Directive
J. Virgílio Cruz, Carla Melo, Dina Medeiros, Sérgio Costa, Raquel Cymbron, Sara Rocha, Carlos Medeiros, Ana Valente, Sandra Mendes, Daniel Silva, Filipe Martins
Water Policy Jul 2017, wp2017187; DOI: 10.2166/wp.2017.187

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Keywords

Azores
Island hydrology
River basin
Water management
Water planning
Water resources
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